The nature of the intranight variability of radio-quiet quasars     

B. Czerny  A. Siemiginowska  A. Janiuk  A. C. Gupta 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,386(3):1557-1567

We select a sample of 10 radio-quiet quasars with confirmed intranight optical variability and with available X-ray data. We compare the variability properties and the broad-band spectral constraints to the predictions of intranight variability by three models: (i) irradiation of an accretion disc by a variable X-ray flux, (ii) an accretion disc instability, (iii) the presence of a weak blazar component. We concluded that the third model, e.g. the blazar component model, is the most promising if we adopt a cannonball model for the jet variable emission. In this case, the probability of detecting the intranight variability is within 20–80 per cent, depending on the ratio of the disc to the jet optical luminosity. Variable X-ray irradiation mechanism is also possible but only under additional requirement: either the source should have a very narrow Hβ line or occasional extremely strong flares should appear at very large disc radii.  相似文献   

Chromothermal oscillations and collapse of strange stars to black holes: astrophysical implications     

Manjari Bagchi  Rachid Ouyed  Jan Staff  Subharthi Ray  Mira Dey †  Jishnu Dey ‡ 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,387(1):115-120

We study the effects of temperature on strange stars. It is found that the maximum mass of the star decreases with the increase of temperature, as at high temperatures the equations of state become softer. Moreover, if the temperature of a strange star increases, keeping its baryon number fixed, its gravitational mass increases and its radius decreases. This leads to a limiting temperature, where it turns into a black hole. These features are the result of a combined effect of the change of gluon mass and the quark distribution with temperature. We report on a new type of radial oscillation of strange stars, driven by what we call 'chromothermal' instability. We also discuss the relevance of our findings in the astrophysics of core collapse supernovae and gamma-ray bursts.  相似文献   

Simulations of cosmic-ray feedback by active galactic nuclei in galaxy clusters   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Debora Sijacki  Christoph Pfrommer  Volker Springel  Torsten A. Enßlin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,387(4):1403-1415

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Properties of vertically self-gravitating accretion discs with a dissipative corona     

Fazeleh Khajenabi  Peter Duffy 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,388(4):1843-1852

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Dissipative accretion flows around a rotating black hole     

Santabrata Das  Sandip K. Chakrabarti 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,389(1):371-378

We study the dynamical structure of a cooling dominated rotating accretion flow around a spinning black hole. We show that non-linear phenomena such as shock waves can be studied in terms of only three flow parameters, namely the specific energy     , the specific angular momentum (λ) and the accretion rate     of the flow. We present all possible accretion solutions. We find that a significant region of the parameter space in the     plane allows global accretion shock solutions. The effective area of the parameter space for which the Rankine–Hugoniot shocks are possible is maximum when the flow is dissipation-free. It decreases with the increase of cooling effects and finally disappears when the cooling is high enough. We show that shock forms further away when the black hole is rotating compared to the solution around a Schwarzschild black hole with identical flow parameters at a large distance. However, in a normalized sense, the flow parameters for which the shocks form around the rotating black holes are produced shocks closer to the black hole. The location of the shock is also dictated by the cooling efficiency in that higher the accretion rate     , the closer is the shock location. We believe that some of the high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations may be due to the flows with higher accretion rate around the rotating black holes.  相似文献   

Calculation of the Intensity Ratio and Intrinsic Redshift Ratio of the Cerenkov Iron K_α and K_β Lines and Its Possible Application in the Study of AGNs     

Dang-bo Liu  Lei Chen  Jun-han You 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2008

We have pointed out that, when thermal relativistic electrons with an isotropic velocity distribution move through a region of dense gas or impinge upon its surface, the Cerenkov effect will produce a particular kind of atomic or ionic emission line, which we have called the “Cerenkov line-like radiation”. This prediction for the optical wavebands has been verified by laboratory experiments. In this paper, we extend this line-like radiation theory to the X-ray waveband and give the basic formulae for calculating the intensity ratio and intrinsic redshift ratio of the Cerenkov iron K_α and K_β lines, for different ionization orders of iron. Potential application of this calculated result may be found in the study of AGNs. The recent observations of NGC3783 show that besides the iron K_α line at ∼6.4 keV, there is also a very strong iron Kβ line at ∼7.0 keV, and that the ratio of equivalent widths between the two is anomalous: EWK_α/EWK_β ≈ 3.43. It is difficult to explain this by the conventional mechanism of “photoelectric absorption-fluorescence emission”. We suggest that the mechanism of Cerenkov line-like radiation can provides a way of solving this puzzle. Besides, we expect that the calculated intrinsic redshift ratio of Cerenkov iron K_α and K_β lines could be tested in future observations. If our suggestion is further supported by observations, then our view on the physical environment around the central massive black hole of an AGN will be greatly modified: the activity becomes more energetic and violent, and the gas, much denser than previously thought.  相似文献   

内蒙古大沟井寒武纪黑色页岩元素地球化学特征及钒赋存形式     

张红雨  苏犁  秦红 《现代地质》2022,36(1):321-332

对内蒙古大沟井钒矿床的矿石样品进行了系统的常量和微量元素、X射线粉晶衍射以及显微能谱分析,探讨矿石中钒的赋存形式、形成环境以及保存条件等.研究结果表明,矿石样品中P2 O5含量变化范围为0.81％～6.14％,显示其磷含量普遍较高,反映地层中较为富集磷;样品烧失量的范围为7.75％～41.24％,比较大,反映云母及泥质...  相似文献   

GRS 1915+105的X射线能谱分析及黑洞自旋测量          下载免费PDF全文

王苑  苟利军  赵雪杉  冯叶  贾楠  廖振玄  李玉丰 《天文学报》2023,64(2):15-31

GRS 1915+105是银河系内的低质量黑洞X射线双星,其能谱和黑洞自旋已经得到了广泛的研究.自2018年6月开始,其X射线流量下降到了低流量水平,其间偶尔会产生多波段的耀发.利用Insight-HXMT(Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope,简称为慧眼)卫星在2020年8月30日到2020年10月13日之间对GRS1915+105的观测数据,研究了其能谱特性,发现在此次爆发过程中, X射线能谱可以用一个康普顿化的多温黑体谱很好地拟合.整个爆发的硬度强度图(Hardness-Intensity Diagram, HID)一直处于软态.采用GRS1915+105的最新动力学参数M=12.4_-1.8^+2.0M⊙, i=60°±5°, D=8.6_-1.6^+2.0kpc (M、M⊙、i和D分别表示黑洞质量、太阳质量、盘倾角和距离),得到其无量纲黑洞自旋a*的一个下限a*> 0.9990,确认了GRS 1915+105是一个具有极端自旋的黑洞.考虑本地吸收体的...  相似文献   

缅甸不同矿点翡翠的矿物学特征          下载免费PDF全文

何燕  祖恩东 《地质找矿论丛》2017,32(1):152-160

通过对缅甸达木坎矿区、帕敢矿区、隆肯矿区的4个矿点翡翠样品的偏光显微镜、电子探针、X射线粉晶衍射等测试,其结果表明:各矿点翡翠均以粒状变晶结构为主,主要矿物为硬玉,次要矿物有钠长石、云母类、辉石类、闪石类矿物、沸石类矿物等。其中,哥因角矿点翡翠矿石中有较大量辉石类矿物,纳莫矿点发现较大量方沸石矿物。沸石是含水矿物,而含水矿物作为矿脉的前锋组成矿物更为合理,故纳莫翡翠矿体形成深度应相对其它矿点更深。隆肯矿点翡翠样品w(A_l2O_3)=23.187%,w(Na_2O)=17.706%,w(TiO_2)=0.349%,w(K_2O)=0.298%,高于其它矿点;哥因角矿点翡翠样品w(CaO)=1.821%,w(MgO)=2.983%,w(FeO)=1.432%,高于其它矿点;纳莫矿点样品w(SiO_2)平均61.91%,为4个矿点中最高。  相似文献   

贵州寒武系和石炭系页岩气开采对环境影响分析——以牛蹄塘组和打屋坝组为例          下载免费PDF全文

杨瑞东  张云鹤  高军波  魏怀瑞  苏慧敏 《地质论评》2017,63(4):1001-1011

贵州页岩气地质资源量巨大,达到1.048×10~(13)m~3。其中寒武系牛蹄塘组与石炭系打屋坝组是重要储集层位。本文在研究牛蹄塘组页岩与打屋坝组页岩的地层结构、岩性和地球化学特征,以及储层特征的基础上,分析水力压裂方法对地下水含水层的破坏作用,建立了页岩气压裂开采导致地下水含水层、隔水层被破坏引起地下水污染模式,预测了压裂液返排地面可能造成地表环境污染的风险。同时,采取牛蹄塘组和打屋坝组页岩进行浸泡试验,试验结果表明,页岩在浸泡过程中,元素的浓度随着时间、温度的变化而变化,并呈现出一定的规律性,特别是As、Cd、Pb、Se、Co、Ba等元素呈显著浸出,据此分析了水力压裂法在开采页岩气的过程中可能会产生的环境污染问题。  相似文献